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Acro Mode 比例模式
• Acro mode is a rate control only mode.
比例模式,是一种滚转速率直接控制模式。
• Acro mode provides the most direct manual connection between the transmitter control sticks and the copters electric motors.
比例模式提供了遥控器摇杆到飞行器电机之间的最直接的控制关系。
• Flying in Acro Mode requires continuous control stick manipulation like a normal RC helicopter without a computer controller.
在比例模式下飞行,就像是不装飞控和陀螺仪的遥控直升机一样,需要持续不断的手工修正摇杆。
Details 细节
There are two Acro modes available, the default is the Stabilized Earth Frame Rate controlled (AXIS_ENABLE = 1), and the second is Body Frame Rate controlled with no stabilization (AXIS_ENABLE = 0). We don’t recommend flying in the un- stabilize mode as it will not self balance and is very difficult to fly.
比例模式有两种类型:
缺省的模式是基于地面坐标系的滚转速率控制。
第二是基于飞行器本体三个轴的滚转速率控制,不建议用这种高难度模式飞行。
【按:原文表达或许不准确。从后文的表述来看,两种模式的实际含义是:一种控制角度Stabilized Earth Frame Angle controlled,一种控制角速度。而不是大地坐标系和本体坐标系的差别。】
• In Acro mode the rate of rotation of the copter (roll, pitch and yaw) is controlled by the angle of the sticks.
在比例模式下飞行器的滚转、俯仰、偏航三个轴的角速率由摇杆便宜角度来控制。
o No stick input means don’t change from current angle, however the default mode can be set to level the airframe.
摇杆居中意味着保持当前的姿态角。缺省模式也可以设置成为在摇杆居中的时候把飞行器控制到水平姿态。
• The Roll and Pitch control stick will tilt the copter in the direction of the stick displacement.
横滚和俯仰摇杆的输入可以使飞行器在相应的方向产生相应的倾角。
o In order to re-level the copter the Roll and Pitch control sticks must be moved in the opposite direction from the current tilt.
为了是飞行器重新恢复水平,各轴摇杆需要向相反方向推。
o In order to maintain stable hovering the Roll and Pitch control stick requires continuous adjustment.
为了维持稳定水平,各轴控制摇杆需要不停地修正。
• Stabilized Earth Frame Rate controlled mode has two auto leveling parameters. These are expressed as a percentage and are multiplied to the current angle to calculate the rate at which the airframe rotates back towards hover.
缺省模式有两个参数,以百分比的形式表示,各自乘以当前的滚转角和俯仰角,然后得到回复水平位置所需要的角速度。
• The Yaw control stick causes the copter to rotate in the same way it does in stabilize mode.
偏航控制杆的操纵方式,同稳定状态下的操纵方式相同。
• The Throttle control stick is also direct and simply increases or decreases thrust on all four motors according to displacement.
油门杆也是直接控制控制四个电机按照杆量加速或者减速。
o The throttle control stick also requires continuous adjustment to maintain altitude control.
油门也需要不停地修正以维持飞行高度。
【按:从这段话来看,多旋翼飞行器理论上也能像直升机那样飞一些3D动作了。当然,需要使用变距控制,而不是现有的转速控制。】
Tuning:
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• When AXIS_ENABLE = 1 the controller is basically a rate controlled stabilised mode with a number of helpful features. There are two parameters that control how fast the copter will move back towards hover if you let go of the sticks.
o ACRO_BAL_ROLL should be set to:
Beginner 200
Intermediate 100
Expert 0.
o ACRO_BAL_PITCH should be set to:
Beginner 200
Intermediate 0
Expert 0.
• The Acro_P parameter is used to map the control sticks to the desired rate of rotation.
o For example a value of 4 will be multiplied by 45° (max stick input) to equal 180° per second rotation.
o Lower the Acro_P value to get slower rotations.
• The Stabilization Angular Rate Control PID is used make the copter rotate in roll and pitch at the desired speed.
o This PID is also used in Stabilize mode as the primary angle controlling parameter.
o Rate_P is used to turn the copter.
The higher the P the higher the motor response to achieve the desired turn rate.
o Rate_I is used to compensate for outside forces that would make your copter not maintain the desired rate.
A high I term will ramp quickly to hold the desired rate, and will ramp down quickly to avoid overshoot.
A low I term will take too long to have an effect and may cause undesirable overshoot.
It’s better to have an I-term of 0 than a poorly chosen I term.
o Rate_D is used to dampen the response of the copter to accelerations toward the desired set point.
A high D can cause very unusual vibrations and a “memory” effect where the controls feel like they are slow or unresponsive.
A value of .001 to .008 have all been flown, but your milage may vary.
Adjust the Stabilization Angular Rate control PID to function optimally in stabilize mode then adjust the Acro P to make it work better for Acro mode.
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